The Origin of the Word ‘Hank’ in Yarn Craft

This hank of fine single worsted spun wool yarn is for a weaving project I am preparing yarn for. The roving was dyed with dried leaves of Box Stringybark from a walk in the forest in early summer. Approx. thickness: 28 Wraps Per Inch (WPI)

If you’ve been immersed in the world of fiber arts, you’ve probably come across the terms hank and skein—but do you know where the word hank comes from? Understanding the origins of this term not only helps with precise terminology but also connects us to the deep history of textile traditions.

A small collection on hanks ranging between 25g, 50g and 100g each. These are predominantly wool. I dyed most with Ashford Dye (as roving) and spun during July - August, Winter 2024. They are all 2 ply worsted spun, and likely be knitted.

The Linguistic Roots of 'Hank'

The word hank has been in use for centuries. It originates from Middle English (hank or haunk), which referred to a loop or coil. Even further back, it has ties to Old Norse (hönk), meaning a loop or a coil of yarn. Given the strong influence of Norse language on English—especially in Scotland and northern England, where textile traditions flourished—it’s no surprise that hank became the go-to term for a neatly looped bundle of yarn.

Hank vs. Skein: Why the Distinction Matters

Many fiber artists use skein and hank interchangeably, but there is a key difference. A hank is a large loop of yarn twisted into a neat bundle, often used for hand-dyed or hand-spun yarns. It must be wound into a ball or cake before use. A skein, on the other hand, is a ready-to-use, machine-wound coil commonly found in commercial yarns.

For those who spin, dye, or work with artisanal yarn, knowing the difference helps communicate clearly with fellow makers and ensures proper handling of your fiber.

The Timeless Tradition of the Hank

The use of hanks has persisted across centuries because it is an efficient way to store and dye yarn. The open-loop format allows for even absorption of dye and prevents tension issues that can occur with tightly wound skeins. Today, hand-dyers and spinners continue this tradition, keeping the craft deeply connected to its historical roots.

So the next time you twist a freshly spun length of wool into a hank, remember—you’re carrying forward a linguistic and textile legacy that dates back to the Vikings!